See espie on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "espie",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "espy"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 25 2 27 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1551, Thomas More, “The Fyrste Boke of the Communycacion of Raphaell Hythlodaye Concernynge the Best State of a Commen Wealthe”, in Raphe Robynson [i.e., Ralph Robinson], transl., A Fruteful, and Pleasaunt Worke of the Best State of a Publyque Weale, and of the Newe Yle Called Utopia: […], London: […] [Steven Mierdman for] Abraham Vele, […], →OCLC, signatures B.ij., verso – B.iij., recto:",
"text": "[…] I chaunced to eſpie thys foraſyde Peter talkynge wyth a certeyne ſtraunger a man well ſtryken in age wyth a blake sonne burned face, a longe bearde and a cloke catſe homely about hys ſhoulders, whom by hys fauour & apparrel forthwythe I iudged to be a maryner.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Joshua 14:7, column 2:",
"text": "Fortie yeeres olde was I when Moſes the ſeruant of the Lord ſent me from Kadeſh Barnea, to eſpie out the land, and I brought him worde againe, as it was in mine heart.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 48:19, column 2:",
"text": "O inhabitant of Aroer, ſtand by the way, and eſpie; aſke him that fleeth, and her that eſcapeth, and ſay, VVhat is done?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, “[XXVIII Sermons Preached at Golden Grove; Being for the Summer Half-year, […].] Sermon III. The Descending and Entailed Curse Cut Off.”, in ΕΝΙΑΥΤΟΣ [Eniautos]. A Course of Sermons for All the Sundays of the Year. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Richard Royston […], published 1654, →OCLC, pages 29–30:",
"text": "VVe keep company vvith Harlots and polluted perſons: vve are kind to all Gods Enemies, and love that vvhich he hates: […] And therefore God is inquiſitive; he looks for that vvhich he fain vvould never finde; God ſets ſpies upon us; he looks upon us himſelf through the Curtains of a cloud; and he ſends Angels to eſpie us in all our vvayes, […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of espy."
],
"id": "en-espie-en-verb-DfS87Pld",
"links": [
[
"espy",
"espy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "espie"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espie",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 25 2 27 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-espie-gl-verb-HxryT6GX",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of espiar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-espie-gl-verb--0votw7-",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "espie"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "espie"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: espie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: espie"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épie"
},
"expansion": "French: épie",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "French: épie (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "spie",
"3": "spye",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: spie, spye",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: spie, spye"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spy",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "English: spy (noun)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spy (noun)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spia"
},
"expansion": "Italian spia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "espía"
},
"expansion": "Spanish espía",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the verb espier. Compare also Italian spia, Spanish espía.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espie oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "espies",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "espies",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "espie",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "espie oblique singular, m (oblique plural espies, nominative singular espies, nominative plural espie)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 20 3 32 20 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 25 2 27 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As soon as Richard knew about it, he sent a spy\nto know where Thibalt was, and how many people he had with him.",
"ref": "c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:",
"text": "Dez ke Richart le sout, un espie enveia\nSaveir u Thiebaut ert, e combien gent il a.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spy"
],
"id": "en-espie-fro-noun-V9SqN3JQ",
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
]
]
}
],
"word": "espie"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espie",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 25 2 27 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-espie-pt-verb-HxryT6GX",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-espie-pt-verb--0votw7-",
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "espie"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "espie",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "espy"
}
],
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English obsolete forms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1551, Thomas More, “The Fyrste Boke of the Communycacion of Raphaell Hythlodaye Concernynge the Best State of a Commen Wealthe”, in Raphe Robynson [i.e., Ralph Robinson], transl., A Fruteful, and Pleasaunt Worke of the Best State of a Publyque Weale, and of the Newe Yle Called Utopia: […], London: […] [Steven Mierdman for] Abraham Vele, […], →OCLC, signatures B.ij., verso – B.iij., recto:",
"text": "[…] I chaunced to eſpie thys foraſyde Peter talkynge wyth a certeyne ſtraunger a man well ſtryken in age wyth a blake sonne burned face, a longe bearde and a cloke catſe homely about hys ſhoulders, whom by hys fauour & apparrel forthwythe I iudged to be a maryner.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Joshua 14:7, column 2:",
"text": "Fortie yeeres olde was I when Moſes the ſeruant of the Lord ſent me from Kadeſh Barnea, to eſpie out the land, and I brought him worde againe, as it was in mine heart.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 48:19, column 2:",
"text": "O inhabitant of Aroer, ſtand by the way, and eſpie; aſke him that fleeth, and her that eſcapeth, and ſay, VVhat is done?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, “[XXVIII Sermons Preached at Golden Grove; Being for the Summer Half-year, […].] Sermon III. The Descending and Entailed Curse Cut Off.”, in ΕΝΙΑΥΤΟΣ [Eniautos]. A Course of Sermons for All the Sundays of the Year. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Richard Royston […], published 1654, →OCLC, pages 29–30:",
"text": "VVe keep company vvith Harlots and polluted perſons: vve are kind to all Gods Enemies, and love that vvhich he hates: […] And therefore God is inquiſitive; he looks for that vvhich he fain vvould never finde; God ſets ſpies upon us; he looks upon us himſelf through the Curtains of a cloud; and he ſends Angels to eſpie us in all our vvayes, […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of espy."
],
"links": [
[
"espy",
"espy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "espie"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espie",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of espiar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Galician"
]
],
"qualifier": "reintegrationist norm",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reintegrationist norm) inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "espie"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "espie"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: espie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: espie"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épie"
},
"expansion": "French: épie",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "French: épie (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "spie",
"3": "spye",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: spie, spye",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: spie, spye"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spy",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "English: spy (noun)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spy (noun)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spia"
},
"expansion": "Italian spia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "espía"
},
"expansion": "Spanish espía",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the verb espier. Compare also Italian spia, Spanish espía.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espie oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "espies",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "espies",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "espie",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "espie oblique singular, m (oblique plural espies, nominative singular espies, nominative plural espie)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms with quotations",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As soon as Richard knew about it, he sent a spy\nto know where Thibalt was, and how many people he had with him.",
"ref": "c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:",
"text": "Dez ke Richart le sout, un espie enveia\nSaveir u Thiebaut ert, e combien gent il a.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spy"
],
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
]
]
}
],
"word": "espie"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "espie",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "espiar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of espiar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"espiar",
"espiar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "espie"
}
Download raw JSONL data for espie meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'espie oblique singular or', originally 'espie oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"espie"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "espie",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'espie oblique singular or', originally 'espie oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"espie"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "espie",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'espie oblique singular or' in 'espie oblique singular, m (oblique plural espies, nominative singular espies, nominative plural espie)'",
"path": [
"espie"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "espie",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.